Nestled amidst the serene landscape of Sasaram in Bihar, the Tomb of Sher Shah Suri stands as a testament to the architectural brilliance of the medieval period. Sher Shah Suri, the founder of the Suri dynasty, was a formidable ruler who left an indelible mark on Indian history. His final resting place, the Sher Shah Suri Tomb, is a marvel that attracts history enthusiasts, architecture aficionados, and curious travelers alike.
Historical Background:
Sher Shah Suri, born as Farid Khan, rose to prominence in the mid-16th century after defeating the Mughal emperor Humayun. His reign, though short-lived, was marked by administrative reforms and infrastructural development. The construction of the Grand Trunk Road, connecting Bengal to the northwest regions, and the introduction of the silver Rupiya coin are just a few examples of his visionary governance.
Construction of the Tomb:
Sher Shah Suri died in 1545 during the siege of Kalinjar, and his body was brought to Sasaram for burial. The tomb, built between 1540 and 1545, is an architectural masterpiece that reflects the Indo-Islamic style prevalent during that period. The structure is an amalgamation of Afghan, Persian, and Indian architectural elements.
Architectural Features:
Octagonal Structure:
The tomb is octagonal in shape, with a height of about 122 feet. This unique design deviates from the traditional square or rectangular structures commonly seen in Islamic architecture.
Red Sandstone:
The exterior of the tomb is constructed primarily with red sandstone, giving it a distinctive and striking appearance. The use of this material not only adds to the aesthetic appeal but also ensures the longevity of the structure.
Intricate Carvings:
The tomb is adorned with intricate carvings and calligraphy, showcasing the artistic prowess of the craftsmen of that era. The inscriptions on the walls bear testimony to the cultural richness and the historical significance of the period.
Double Domes:
The double domes crowning the structure add to its grandeur. The large central dome is surrounded by eight smaller domes, creating a visually captivating ensemble.
Grave of Sher Shah Suri:
The actual grave of Sher Shah Suri lies in the basement, accessible through a narrow staircase. The cenotaph, a false tomb, is situated in the main chamber, adding an element of mystique to the structure.
Cultural Significance:
The Sher Shah Suri Tomb stands not only as a symbol of architectural brilliance but also as a tribute to a ruler who, in his short reign, left an indelible mark on the socio-economic and administrative landscape of medieval India. The tomb has become a site of cultural and historical importance, attracting visitors from across the country and beyond.
Conclusion:
The Tomb of Sher Shah Suri in Bihar is a jewel in India’s historical crown, preserving the legacy of a visionary leader and the architectural finesse of the bygone era. As we marvel at its grandeur, we are transported back in time, gaining a deeper understanding of the rich tapestry of India’s history and the individuals who shaped it. A visit to this magnificent tomb is not just a journey into the past but also a celebration of the enduring spirit of cultural heritage.
